Summary: This table presents plot-level crop production data collected during Season C (July – September 2022) of the 2021/2022 Seasonal Agricultural Survey conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR). Each record corresponds to an agricultural plot and captures detailed information on crops produced during the season. The dataset includes crop identification, seed use (type, source, and cost), total harvest quantities, comparison with previous year production, and detailed utilisation of production across household consumption, sales, storage, and other uses. It also records pre-harvest and post-harvest losses by cause and includes derived indicators such as crop yield, harvested area, and utilisation and loss ratios.
Geographic Coverage: National coverage across Rwanda, including all provinces and districts, covering both rural and peri-urban agricultural areas.
Time Period: Season C of the 2021/2022 agricultural year (July – September 2022).
Frequency: Seasonal (Season C of three agricultural seasons per year).
Population/Units: Agricultural plots managed by small-scale and large-scale farming households in Rwanda.
Key Variables: Crop identification, seed type, seed source, seed cost, harvest quantities, production comparison with previous year, household consumption, sales, storage, other uses, pre-harvest losses, post-harvest losses, crop yield, harvested area, utilisation ratios, and loss ratios.
Purpose: To support analysis of agricultural productivity, crop utilisation patterns, food security, and post-harvest loss dynamics in Rwanda.
Data Quality Notes: Data are collected through structured plot-level surveys and reflect reported production and utilisation by sampled households. Derived indicators are calculated from survey responses and may vary across regions and seasons.
","databaseName":"datasharing_platform","schemaDescription":"Summary: This dataset contains the annual results of the Rwanda Seasonal Agricultural Survey (SAS) for the 2021/2022 agricultural year, conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR). It consolidates data collected across three agricultural seasons Season A (September 2021 – February 2022), Season B (March – June 2022), and Season C (July – September 2022). The survey provides a comprehensive overview of agricultural production, land use, input utilization, and farming practices across the country, enabling analysis of seasonal and annual trends in Rwanda’s agricultural sector.
Geographic Coverage: National coverage across Rwanda, including all provinces and districts, with data representing both rural and peri-urban farming areas.
Time Period: Agricultural year 2021/2022 covering three seasons: (A: September 2021 – February 2022, B: March – June 2022, C: July – September 2022)
Frequency: Seasonal (three times per year: Seasons A, B, and C), aggregated annually.
Population/Units: Small-scale and large-scale agricultural farms operating in Rwanda.
Key Variables: Crop production and yield, land use (seasonal crops, permanent crops, pasture), use of improved seeds, organic and inorganic fertilizers, pesticide use, irrigation practices, and soil conservation measures.
Purpose: To provide timely and reliable agricultural statistics for monitoring production, food security, and input use, and to support evidence-based policy-making and agricultural planning in Rwanda.
Data Quality Notes: Data are collected through a stratified two-stage sampling design covering 1200 segments and large-scale farms. Estimates are weighted to produce nationally representative results. The survey achieved a 100% response rate, though indicators may vary across seasons and regions.
","ownerName":"Norbert","ownerEmail":"norbert.habimana@statistics.gov.rw","tags":null,"customTags":["Microdata"],"datasetType":"TABLE","datasetFileId":null,"queryDefinition":null,"periodBegin":"2022-07-01","periodEnd":"2022-09-30","createdAt":"2026-03-30T12:00:27.241Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-17T00:20:55.261Z","columns":[{"id":"892bfac2-e02e-42ca-857d-cc62559d4019","columnName":"id","description":"Row ID
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"0f6c8ff7-5e84-4ad0-83c7-62673d52dbc1","columnName":"segment_id","description":"Segment identifier
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"11d6dceb-5c26-4baf-920d-fe01e1d4ff74","columnName":"s1q1","description":"Numeric code (1–5) representing the administrative province of Rwanda where the survey respondent is located. 1 = Kigali City, 2 = Southern Province, 3 = Western Province, 4 = Northern Province, 5 = Eastern Province.
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"bc36a657-579e-4dbc-86d3-8d6935997826","columnName":"s1q2","description":"Numeric code (11–57) representing the respondent's district in Rwanda. The first digit corresponds to the province (1-5), and the second digit identifies the district within that province.
11 = Nyarugenge, 12 = Gasabo, 13 = Kicukiro, 21 = Nyanza, 22 = Gisagara, 23 = Nyaruguru, 24 = Huye, 25 = Nyamagabe, 26 = Ruhango, 27 = Muhanga, 28 = Kamonyi, 31 = Karongi, 32 = Rutsiro, 33 = Rubavu, 34 = Nyabihu, 35 = Ngororero, 36 = Rusizi, 37 = Nyamasheke, 41 = Rulindo, 42 = Gakenke, 43 = Musanze, 44 = Burera, 45 = Gicumbi, 51 = Rwamagana, 52 = Nyagatare, 53 = Gatsibo, 54 = Kayonza, 55 = Kirehe, 56 = Ngoma, 57 = Bugesera.
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"a2f2cb6d-9a5d-467c-a8e0-484700c73c18","columnName":"s1q3","description":"Numeric code (0–40) representing the stratum classification of the surveyed area: 0 = NA, 10 = Hillside cropland, 20 = Marshland cropland, 30 = Rangelands, 40 = Mixed.
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"b2bdbf53-6b96-4283-8100-a089e5939826","columnName":"s1q4","description":"Numeric identifier representing the survey segment
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"b60395cd-22ec-43f8-b757-17423757916c","columnName":"s1q6","description":"Numeric identifying the farmer or large-scale farmer (LSF).
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"12d227a3-8b0f-444c-9e46-ec9e3ad6cdfe","columnName":"s1q7","description":"Numeric code representing farmer type: 1 = Small-scale individual, 2 = Small-scale cooperative/company/association, 3 = Large-scale individual, 4 = Large-scale cooperative/company/association.
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"63cb2e68-43da-4051-bd18-5d7e4b212b23","columnName":"s1q8","description":"Numeric code representing gender: 1 = Male, 2 = Female.
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"3ed6a106-bcef-4156-9aa2-e2548835e006","columnName":"s1q9","description":"Age
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"ec70b740-07a4-4e67-a83b-d2d30c57791c","columnName":"s1q14","description":"Indicates whether the farmer personally responded to the survey (1 = Yes, 2 = No).
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"b262e420-4423-46de-ac9c-51e685cdd938","columnName":"s1q17","description":"Indicates the relationship of the respondent to the farmer (1 = Spouse, 2 = Adopted child, 3 = Child, 4 = Relative, 5 = Parent, 6 = Housekeeper, 7 = Manager, 8 = Other).
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"527c222d-1781-43cd-b72d-bf221b7c737e","columnName":"s1q17_o","description":"Specifies other relationship to the farmer.
","dataType":"TEXT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"ca0c1a5a-a410-4307-aa15-08bd32d96d63","columnName":"s2q1","description":"Plot Number
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"950a8229-0f8d-4eca-8bad-12f61821c1d5","columnName":"s2q2","description":"Indicates the size of the plot in square meters.
","dataType":"NUMERIC","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"415bcf18-327b-4340-8936-c16b28bf47ab","columnName":"s2q3","description":"Number of main crops to be harvested during this season in the plot.
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"58e13f1b-c2bf-4308-bca7-e11e3c1ffcd3","columnName":"s2q4","description":"This question asks the respondent to identify which specific crop(s) were cultivated during the reference period. Crops are organized into six broad groups:
100s – Seasonal food crops: Cereals (maize, rice, sorghum, wheat), pulses (beans, peas), tubers (potato, taro, yams), and a wide range of vegetables and other seasonal crops.
200s – Annual industrial/cash crops: Includes pyrethrum, pepper, pumpkin, Napier grass, sugar cane, and tobacco.
300s – Perennial crops: Banana varieties, coffee, cassava, tea, macadamia, stevia, and similar long-cycle crops.
400s – Fruits: Tree tomato, pineapple, avocado, passion fruit, mango, citrus, watermelon, strawberry, and other fruit varieties.
500s – Fo","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"34afebb9-dbbe-4dbf-9a3e-156ec6ebac2c","columnName":"s2q4_o","description":" Other Crop Specified Number of plants in this plot for perennial crops Number of plants to be harvested in this season for perennial crops Crop proportion of the first main crop in the plot (in %) Crop proportion code of the first main crop in the plot Crop density of the first main crop in the plot (in %) Crop density code of the first main crop in the plot This question records the specific fortnight period during which a crop was planted, across three agricultural seasons: Season A (Codes 1–11): Before 01/07, 01–15/07, 16–31/07, 01–15/08, 16–31/08, 01–15/09, 16–30/09, 01–15/10, 16–31/10, After 31/10, and Other season. Season B (Codes 12–20): Before 01/01, 01–15/01, 16–31/01, 01–15/02, 16–28/02, 01–15/03, 16–31/03, After 31/03, and Other season. Season C (Codes 21–25): Before 01/05, 01–31/05, 01–30/06, 01–31/07, and After 31/07. This question records the specific fortnight period during which a crop was harvested, across three agricultural seasons: Season A (Codes 1–8): Before 01/12, 01–15/12, 16–31/12, 01–15/01, 16–31/01, 01–28/02, After February, and Other season. Season B (Codes 9–18): Before 01/05, 01–15/05, 15–31/05, 01–15/06, 16–30/06, 01–15/07, 16–31/07, 01–31/08, After August, and Other season. Season C (Codes 19–24): Before 01/08, 01–15/08, 16–31/08, 01–15/09, 16–30/09, and After 30/09. Did you use improved seed for this crop in any of your plots in this season? 1 = Yes and 2 = No Where did improved seeds sown come from? 1= Government (MINAGRI/RAB/NAEB) 2= Recognized seed multipliers 3= Agro dealers 4= NGOs 5= Market 6= Agriculture cooperative 7= Other (specify) Other Specified Type of seeds sown in this plot 1= Traditional seeds 2= Improved seeds\t 3= 1 and 2 Is the seed sown in this plot for the current season? 1 = Yes and 2 = No Unit of traditional seeds 1= Kg, 2= g, 3= Cuttings, 4= Not applicable (NA) Quantity Sown of traditional seeds Quantity of traditional seeds purchased and sown in the plot Amount spent for the purchase of traditional seeds for this plot (Rwf) Unit of improved seeds 1= Kg 2= g 3= Cuttings 4= Not applicable (NA) Quantity Sown of improved seeds Quantity of improved seeds purchased and sown in this plot Amount spent for the purchase of improved seeds sown in this plot(Rwf) Unit of measurement 1= Kg\t 2= Stems/leaves\t 3= Bundle/Bulk\t 4= Pieces/Numbers Quantity already harvested (in Kg) Remaining quantity to be harvested(in Kg) Total quantity of harvest for this season (in Kg) How can you compare the harvest in this season with last year? 1= Was highly increased 2= Was increased\t 3= No change\t 4= Was decreased 5= Was highly decreased 6= This crop was planted at the first time 9= NA Explanation on crop production status 1=Drought, 2=Heavy rainfall/Hailstones, 3=Insufficient rainfall, 4=Insufficient/Lack of fertilizers, 5=Late sowing, 6=Flood, 7=Landslide, 8=Crop destroyed by animals (grazes), 9=Crop destroyed by wild animals, 10=Diseases and pests, 11=Unfertile soil, 12=Inappropriate seeds, 13=Biennial effect for coffee, 14=lack of improved seed, 15=Strong winds, 16=Crop not yet mature, 17=Other reason (Specify), 18=Good weather, 19=Use of fertilizer, 20=Sowing on time, 21=Appropriate seeds, 22=Good Agricultural practices Second explanation on crop production status 1=Drought, 2=Heavy rainfall/Hailstones, 3=Insufficient rainfall, 4=Insufficient/Lack of fertilizers, 5=Late sowing, 6=Flood, 7=Landslide, 8=Crop destroyed by animals (grazes), 9=Crop destroyed by wild animals, 10=Diseases and pests, 11=Unfertile soil, 12=Inappropriate seeds, 13=Biennial effect for coffee, 14=lack of improved seed, 15=Strong winds, 16=Crop not yet mature, 17=Other reason (Specify), 18=Good weather, 19=Use of fertilizer, 20=Sowing on time, 21=Appropriate seeds, 22=Good Agricultural practices Third explanation on crop production status 1=Drought, 2=Heavy rainfall/Hailstones, 3=Insufficient rainfall, 4=Insufficient/Lack of fertilizers, 5=Late sowing, 6=Flood, 7=Landslide, 8=Crop destroyed by animals (grazes), 9=Crop destroyed by wild animals, 10=Diseases and pests, 11=Unfertile soil, 12=Inappropriate seeds, 13=Biennial effect for coffee, 14=lack of improved seed, 15=Strong winds, 16=Crop not yet mature, 17=Other reason (Specify), 18=Good weather, 19=Use of fertilizer, 20=Sowing on time, 21=Appropriate seeds, 22=Good Agricultural practices Other explanation on crop production status Explanation on crop production status-specify disease/pest Total quantity of produced/to be harvested on this crop in this season (kg) Total quantity of harvest transformed/to be transformed by the farmer (kg) Total qquantity of harvest that has been sold/to be sold(kg) On which market this crop was sold? 1=Farm/Home, 2=Market, 3=Cooperative/company/Association, 4=Other selling place On which other market this crop was sold? What was the selling price per kilogram? (Rwf/Kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be used for own consumption(kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be used as wage for hired labor(kg) Total quantiy of harvest that has been/will be used as farm rent(kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be given to others as gift(kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be exchanged for other products(kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be used as seeds(kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be used as fodder(kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be kept as stock(kg) What is the storage facility used during this agricultural season? 1=Own storage, 2=Public storage, 3=Storage owned by Cooperatives/private companies, 4=Other storage(specify) What other storage facility used during this agricultural season? Quantity of production stored in public storage (kg) Total quantity of harvest that has been damaged/or the estimated loss in kg Total quantity of harvest that has been/will be used in other ways(kg) Pre_harvest loss: What was the total quantity stolen ?(kg) Pre-harvest loss: Total quantity damaged by insects/pests (kg) Pre-harvest loss: Total quantity damaged by birds/animals (kg) Pre-harvest loss: Total quantity of stalks fallen to the ground?(kg) Pre-harvest loss: Total quantity lost during harvesting?(kg) Post-harvest loss: Total quantity lost in the transportation of harvest?(kg) Post-harvest loss: Total quantity lost in storage (kg) Post-harvest loss: Total quantity lost during processing (kg) Post-harvest loss: Total quantity lost during packaging(kg) Post-harvest loss: Total quantity lost at sales (kg) Harvested area Individual crop yield at plot level Sold ratio Consumed ratio Wage ratio Rent ratio Gift ratio Exchanged ratio Seed ratio Feed ratio Stock ratio Lost ratio Other ratio Post harvest Production harvesting loss Harvesting ratio Transport ratio Storage ratio Processing ratio Packaging ratio Sales ratio Weight plot Analysis Weight Crop category 1=Maize, 2=Sorghum, 3=Paddy rice, 4=Wheat, 5=Other cereals, 6=Sweet potato, 7=Irish potato, 8=Taro & Yams, 9=Cassava, 10=Bush bean, 11=Climbing bean, 12=Pea, 13=Groundnut, 14=Soybean, 15=Cooking banana, 16=Dessert banana, 17=Banana for beer, 18=Vegetables, 19=Fruits, 20=Fodder crops, 21=Other crops
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"280631d5-a019-40f2-9cf7-1de9e01e40fa","columnName":"s2q8","description":"
","dataType":"INT","tags":null,"createdAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-09T22:22:40.751Z"},{"id":"131a309a-ee42-4684-a770-f7970b70f193","columnName":"s2q9","description":"